Approach to Interference Riveting Process Control of Aircraft Automatic Drilling and Riveting

Interference fit riveting is an effective way to improve the fatigue life of aircraft.The accurate control of riveting interference of aircraft automatic drilling and riveting equipment is achieved by process parameters including upsetting force and upset head height.It is valuable for aircraft manufacturing engineering.An approach to interference riveting process control based on the analysis of interference riveting stress field is proposed.According to assembly structure,the upsetting force is calculated by the material property and interference fit level,and the upset head height is deduced by the upsetting force.The experimental result shows that the interference fit level can be controlled accurately by the upsetting force and upset head height,and then,the quality of aircraft automatic riveting can be improved.The proposed approach is verified by the good match between the predicted result and the experimental result.     

基于径向基函数的卫星平台桁架结构优化设计

为了降低结构优化计算成本,同时保证搜索优化问题的全局优化解,本文将径向基函数代理模型应用于桁架式卫星平台结构设计优化中。针对桁架结构涉及离散的拓扑和尺寸变量,本文采用连续松弛变量的方式处理离散变量。另外,本文采用增广拉格朗日函数将涉及非线性约束的优化问题转换为一个只包含边界约束的优化问题,然后应用径向基函数代理模型对转换后的优化模型进行近似,并采用具有全局寻优能力的优化算法对所构造的代理模型进行优化。在桁架结构优化过程中,逐次更新朗格朗日罚系数和代理模型,直至搜索到可行优化点。最后,本文将所提出的优化策略应用于一个桁架式卫星平台设计优化实例中,通过优化结果验证了本文所提出的优化策略的高效性。     

Life-sciences research opportunities in commercial suborbital space flight

Commercial suborbital space flights will reach altitudes above 100 km, with 3–5 min of weightlessness bracketed by high-g launch and landing phases. The proposed frequency of these flights, and the large passenger population, present interesting opportunities for researchers in the life sciences. The characteristics of suborbital flight are between those of parabolic and orbital flights, opening up new scientific possibilities and easing the burden for obtaining access to 0g.     

On Lambert’s problem and the elliptic time of flight equation: A simple semi-analytical inversion method

In the two-body model, time of flight between two positions can be expressed as a single-variable function and a variety of formulations exist. Lambert’s problem can be solved by inverting such a function. In this article, a method which inverts Lagrange’s flight time equation and supports the problematic 180°$180°$ transfer is proposed. This method relies on a Householder algorithm of variable order. However, unlike other iterative methods, it is semi-analytical in the sense that flight time functions are derived analytically to second order vs. first order finite differences. The author investigated the profile of Lagrange’s elliptic flight time equation and its derivatives with a special focus on their significance to the behaviour of the proposed method and the stated goal of guaranteed convergence. Possible numerical deficiencies were identified and dealt with. As a test, 28 scenarios of variable difficulty were designed to cover a wide variety of geometries. The context of this research being the orbit determination of artificial satellites and debris, the scenarios are representative of typical such objects in Low-Earth, Geostationary and Geostationary Transfer Orbits. An analysis of the computational impact of the quality of the initial guess vs. that of the order of the method was also done, providing clues for further research and optimisations (e.g. asteroids, long period comets, multi-revolution cases). The results indicate fast to very fast convergence in all test cases, they validate the numerical safeguards and also give a quantitative assessment of the importance of the initial guess.     

基于航迹分割的航空器噪声预测模型

根据航空器的航迹来预测其影响区域的噪声情况,基于航迹的几何特性,将航迹分成直线段航迹和曲线段航迹两个基本航迹元素;确定了直线段和曲线段的各自影响范围之后,分别计算各航迹段对它们影响区域的噪声值贡献情况;统计了各个航迹段对监测点的噪声影响之后,综合得出整个航迹段对监测点的噪声影响,从而建立了航空器航迹噪声预测的模型。将该模型计算的结果分别和软件模拟数据、实际监测数据进行对比分析,发现该模型在航迹段内对监测点噪声均值的预测较为准确,监测点噪声峰值预测结果更接近实测数据。     

高超声速飞行器表面测热技术综述

高超声速飞行中飞行器表面气动加热量是飞行器热防护系统最为关键的设计输入,在理论计算与地面模拟的有限近似条件下,通过飞行试验实时获取真实环境下飞行器表面的气动加热量,并在此基础上完成对计算模型与地面试验的验证与改进具有重要意义。详细列举了20世纪50年代以来,国外具有代表性的飞行试验与测热方案。以“内置式”与“嵌入式”作为测热技术的分类特征,介绍了各类测试设备及相应的飞行试验结果。着重分析了“热匹配性”与“结构匹配性”作为关键因素对飞行测热技术的影响,通过飞行试验实例介绍了该问题的解决方法及工程经验。归纳了飞行测热技术发展的共性、特点与未来趋势,并结合当前我国发展现状,对该领域未来研究提出建议。     

基于双重分类深度学习的低空目标自动检测方法

由于图像数量多,因此准确、高效的目标检测是提升靶场光测图像处理自动化程度的关键步骤.针对低空目标图像及目标类型多、目标特性变化等情况导致传统目标检测算法适应性差的问题,提出了一种基于双重分类深度学习的低空目标自动检测方法.该方法基于深度学习目标检测框架YOLO V3,根据低空目标的亮度和形状的双重属性特征,将网络输出层...     

基于飞/发一体化的Ma=8~10飞行器任务性能快速评估与分析

针对典型飞行马赫数Ma=8~10高超声速飞行器/超燃冲发动机一体化构型,建立了飞/发性能一体化模型,可以快速评估飞行器气动力、发动机性能和飞行任务性能。对比了在起始推重比为0.3、0.4、0.5和0.6下的飞行器飞行性能,以燃料消耗最小为目标,基于飞/发性能一体化模型,利用MATLAB优化工具箱中的序列二次规划（SQP）算法,得到了该飞行器的最优起始推重比为0.422。给出了Ma=8~10飞行器/发动机的概念方案总体参数,在载荷质量为1 000 kg下,飞行器总质量为5 943 kg,发动机推力为2 505 daN。该飞行器在攻角范围为4.1°~3.8°下总的飞行时间为489 s,飞行距离为1 360 km。     

国际行星保护政策解读与技术前瞻

随着人类空间探测范围的不断拓展,行星保护成为人类后续深空探测必须要面临的一个重要问题。从行星保护的概念入手,对其研究背景以及美国、欧洲、俄罗斯等国目前相关的研究进展做了简要介绍,涉及了政策制定、标准规范、污染防控、技术体系等各个方面。载人深空探测过程中各个环节都可能存在污染源,必须针对性地开展保护和防护技术研究;深入研究国际行星保护政策、法规和技术体系,对于我国后续开展相关研究具有很好的参考和借鉴意义。     

Water movement on the convex surfaces of porous media under microgravity

A plant growth system for crop production under microgravity is part of a life supporting system designed for long-duration space missions. A plant growth in soil in space requires the understanding of water movement in soil void spaces under microgravity. Under 1G-force condition, on earth, water movement in porous media is driven by gradients of matric and gravitational potentials. Under microgravity condition, water movement in porous media is supposed to be driven only by a matric potential gradient, but it is still not well understood. We hypothesized that under microgravity water in void spaces of porous media hardly moved comparing in void spaces without obstacles because the concave surfaces of the porous media hindered water movement. The objective of this study was to investigate water movement on the convex surfaces of porous media under microgravity. We conducted parabolic flight experiments that provided 20–25?s of microgravity at the top of a parabolic flight. We observed water movement in void spaces in soil-like porous media made by glass beads and glass spheres (round-bottomed glass flasks) in the different conditions of water injection under microgravity. Without water injection, water did not move much in neither glass beads nor glass spheres. When water was injected during microgravity, water accumulated in contacts between the particles, and the water made thick fluid films on the particles surface. When the water injection was stopped under microgravity, water was held in the contacts between the particles. This study showed that water did not move upward in the void spaces with or without the water injection. In addition, our results suggested that the difficulty of water movement on the convex (i.e. particle surfaces) might result in slower water move in porous media under microgravity than at 1G-force.